Heterobasidion annosum (Fr.) Bref.

Syn:Current Name: Heterobasidion araucariae P.K. BuchananProfile Group: Basidiomycota, Polyporales
Macroscopic charactersshapeDimidiate to long; narrow and shelf-like; imbricate or single
sizeUp to 9 x15 x 5 cm
textureCorky to leathery
pileusBecoming incrusted; brown; blackish with age; tomentose to glaborus
stipeN/A
contextIvory; corky; azonate up to 1 cm thick
pore surfaceIvory white to pinkish cream
poresCircular to angular; 4-5 per mm
tube layer(s)Up to 3 mm long each year; concolorus and continuous with context
Microscopic charactershyphal systemDimitic
clamp connectionsN/A
sterile elementsN/A
basidiosporesSubglobose to ovoid; hyaline; minutely echinulate at 1000x; 4.5-6.5 x 3.5-8 um
Habitat characterssubstrate/hostLiving and dead conifers
seasonalityAnnual; occasionally perennial (up to 3 years)
type of decayWhite pocket rot of the roots and butt of living conifers; pathogenic on living sapwood causing mortality and windthrow of infected trees
rangeThroughout the coniferous forests of northeastern and southeastern U.S. and Appalachian Mountains; in western North America from Alaska to Mexico, but not common in the central Rocky Mountain Range.
NotesOne of the major root rot pathogens on North American conifers. Cream pore-surface reacts strongly with Melzerā€™s reagent.
ReferencesOverholts, 1953; Gilbertson & Ryvarden, 1986. Grand & Vernia, 2007.
Species distribution in North carolina
Side view of basidiocarp
Close view of pores (scale in cm)
Binding hyphae at 200x
Skeletal hyphae at 200x
Spores at 1000x